V. (more) Causes of Vaginitis

i. Yeast infection (candida)

An yeast infection is an overgrowth of the fungus candida. Yeast is normally found in small amounts in the vagina of most women. When there is an over growth she may become symptomatic and experience itching, burning and a white often clumpy discharge. Recent antibiotic use, hormonal shifts and diabetes are known risk factors but yeast infections don’t always need a risk factor to occur. Treatment can be with an anti-fungal cream or pill. Sometimes adjusting the pH of the vagina can also be a helpful treatment.

ii. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV or Gardnerella)

This is due to an overgrowth of a bacteria that is normally present in the vagina.  When this happens, a musty or fishy odor is often noted along with a thin grey/white vaginal discharge. BV is treated with either a vaginal or oral antibiotic.

iii.  Streptococcus (Strep)                                                                                              

Group B strep (GBS) can be part of the normal vaginal flora in 1 out of 3 women.  A change in the balance of the vaginal flora can cause an overgrowth and this can cause symptoms of vaginal irritation and burning.  Strep bacteria is treated with an antibiotic.

iv.  Gonorrhea and Chlamydia (GC/Chlamydia)

These are STI infections that are spread through sex. Women ages 26 and under who are sexually active should be screened regularly.  If she tests positive then treatment is important because these infections can cause PID which can damage the reproductive tract. She may be asymptomatic or can notice an increase in vaginal discharge and/or burning with urination.   It is also important to treat all sex partners to prevent reinfection.  Treatment is with an antibiotic.  

v.   Trichomonas (Trich) 

Trich is a parasitic infection that is spread by sex.  It is treated with an antibiotic and sexual partners should also be treated. Trich may be asymptomatic or can present with a yellow/green frothy discharge, vaginal irritation, burning with urination, pain and/or light bleeding after sex.

Verbena does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment and is not a medical provider. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your doctor or 911 immediately.